If 2025 felt chaotic, 2026 is asking us to hold its beer. The major themes from last year remain stubbornly persistent: tariffs, artificial intelligence, conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, elevated inflation and unemployment, and political dysfunction. The only measurable change? Each has managed to become either demonstrably worse or at least more elegantly complicated.
Tariffs are still with us, but have expanded to additional countries and causes. And, thanks to Trump’s whackadoodle tariff-laced threat to hand over Greenland or else, tariffs are now being used as a tool to empower American imperialism. Of course, in addition to Trump’s daily modifications and reversals, we face the very real possibility that the Supreme Court might rule that he had no authority to impose them under the 1977 International Emergency Economic Powers Act. But Trump has a number of fallback options which, though more complicated and limited in scope, would likely get the job done. But, to what end?
Tariffs bring additional revenues into the treasury which, arguably, could reduce the national debt. But, studies show that about two-thirds of the expense will be born by consumers. That means that ariffs are essentially a regressive tax paid by American consumers on foreign goods. As such, they are inflationary. So, any benefit to the national debt could very well be offset by a weakening economy which inflicts the greatest pain on those who are least able to afford it. Economists refer to the outcome as a “K-shaped economy” which is a clever way of describing the financial divergence between the fates of the “haves” versus the “have nots.”
But, what does it mean for markets? There, things get a little complicated, and more than a little counterintuitive. The tech bust of 2000-2003 relied on a sharp drop in interest rates to recover. But, the GFC and Covid crash followed a different pattern characterized by a much more powerful policy response. Since 2005, all sizeable divergences increase just prior to equity market peaks, experience a blow-off top during market downturns, and expand again once the inevitable policy response (rate cuts and QE) arrives.
The reason? While affluent folks are more likely to be impacted by market downturns (the top 10% own over 90% of stocks), they are the primary beneficiaries of the subsequent policy response which drives stock prices back up. The have-nots surviving on unemployment are unable to benefit from the rebound until it produces a broader economic recovery which lifts job prospects and income.
So, sure, really bad economic news is bad news if not bad enough to engender a policy response. But, it’s good news when it’s bad enough to precipitate ZIRP and QE. With all that being said, where are we now? I created a “Divergence Index” based on income and wealth and mapped it against SPX and fed funds since 1999.
I’m a big believer in the power of charts to shed light on important patterns. This one shows three important points:
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- At 82.3, the Divergence Index is at an all-time high
- The higher the divergence, the faster and greater the Fed response
- Each crisis temporarily reduces the divergence, but policy responses ultimately drive it (and stocks) even higher
This pattern of [Crisis -> Policy Response ->Asset Inflation -> Higher Divergence] creates a policy put for assets but a “doom loop” for equality. Like the national debt, inequality has been steadily rising for a very long time. Importantly, the policy response has also been rising alongside it.
In the tech bust, the Divergence Index was in a modest range of 15-20, resulting in gradual rate cuts from 6.50% to 1.00% over 2.5 years and never reaching ZIRP. In the GFC, the Divergence Index spiked to 67.7 and the Fed cut from 5.25% to 0.15% in just 15 months. They maintained ZIRP for 7 years (from 2008-2015) and invented QE which resulted in a $4 trillion explosion of liquidity. The result was a 5.5 year recovery.
In the COVID crash, the Divergence Index reached 70-73 prior to the crash and the Fed cut from 2.40% to 0.05% in just 2 weeks (the fastest ever.) Unlimited QE was unleashed immediately, reaching $5 trillion in a few months. ZIRP was held for 2 years, and the market recovered in a record 5-months despite the fastest rate hike in history in response to CPI spiking to over 9%.
It’s hard to look at the fed funds line on the above chart without seeing that the policy responses were solid early warning signals for equity investors. It’s therefore impossible to look at the recent fed funds decline and wonder whether we might see the same Fed policy reaction pattern play out. Has the Fed seen the recessionary writing on the wall and, if so, what does the pattern suggest about the timing and size of any related correction?
I looked at all such Fed policy reactions since 1970 and the results were compelling. The correlation between Fed policy pivots and market peaks was strongly positive and fairly consistent. Of 7 cycles examined, all experienced a market decline, and 6 were associated with a recession. The average market decline was 38.4%, with a range of -19.9% to -56.8%.
As of December 31, 2025, it had been 29.2 months since the last Fed rate hike – a 90% increase over the average 15.3 months – and the stock market still hadn’t yet peaked. It had been 15.4% since the first Fed rate cut, a 23% increase over the 12.5 month average. Based on the 55 years of data, the expected decline – a 95% probability – would be -25 to -45% and would occur in Q1-Q2 2026. Bottom line, a substantial correction is overdue.
Notice that I have barely scratched the surface on the very significant geopolitical risks facing the US. The past several weeks have seen a dangerous fallout between the US and some of its greatest allies which could easily mean the end of NATO. If the relationship were to dissolve in the wake of America’s takeover (whatever that means) of Greenland and Venezuela, it would suggest to China and Russia that the US would not stand in the way of their ambitions regarding Taiwan and Ukraine.
Taiwan produces 92% of the world’s advanced logic chips and controls ~64% of global foundry market share through TSMC. Imagine the impact of all that going away. Analysts put the cost of a blockade at $2.7-2.8 trillion (-2.8%) in global GDP and the cost of a full invasion at $10 trillion – 1 10.2% decline.. By comparison, the GFC was a mere 1.7% global GDP decline.
continuing…









































































































